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ECOWAS Biometric Card Expands as Seven Countries Begin Rollout

Cross-border travel within West Africa could become quicker and more secure with the growing rollout of the ECOWAS National Biometric Identity Card (ENBIC).

The card allows immigration officials to electronically verify a traveller’s identity through a biometric chip, reducing some of the delays associated with checking paper documents.

According to ECOWAS and migration officials, the system will also improve cooperation between immigration authorities across member states.

Nigeria joined six other ECOWAS countries already deploying the card: Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Ghana, Benin, The Gambia and Sierra Leone.

Nigeria began its rollout through the Nigeria Immigration Service (NIS) in November 2025.

90-Day Rule Still Applies

Despite the new travel document, the ENBIC does not automatically give holders the right to live indefinitely in another ECOWAS country.

Citizens of member states can enter another country without a visa and stay for up to 90 days under the ECOWAS free-movement protocol.

Travellers who want to stay beyond that period must meet the host country’s residence requirements.

NIS official Bennett Chiagoro said the card also contains security features that can expose attempts to alter its data.

Application Process

Nigerians can apply through the NIS online portal. The process includes verification, biometric enrolment, validation, production and issuance.

The portal also provides services for tracking applications, checking payment information, correcting certain application details and reporting misplaced cards.

Meanwhile, officials urged travellers to rely on accurate information about the card as implementation continues, particularly regarding eligibility, requirements and fees.