International
18 Wounded in Twin Damascus Blasts During Macron’s Historic Syria Visit
18 Wounded in Twin Damascus Blasts During Macron’s Historic Syria Visit
DAMASCUS — At least 18 people, including four police officers, were injured on Tuesday when twin explosions rocked central Damascus during French President Emmanuel Macron‘s landmark visit to Syria — the first by a European Union leader since the fall of Bashar al-Assad’s regime, marking a significant moment in the country’s fragile transition. The blasts occurred near the Four Seasons Hotel in the heart of the capital, where the French leader had been staying, and the Ministry of Tourism building, close to Victoria Bridge and Umayyad Square, a bustling area that is home to government buildings and commercial establishments, making it a high-profile target for any group seeking to disrupt the visit. A security source confirmed to AFP that one device was planted in a dumpster and another in a vehicle near the hotel, and Syrian state television reported that security forces detected the devices during field operations, but they exploded while specialised units were preparing to defuse them, suggesting that the attackers may have been monitoring the security response or that the devices were booby-trapped to detonate upon tampering.
Social media footage showed a vehicle engulfed in flames, plumes of smoke rising from the scene, and blood stains on the street near the hotel, with panicked civilians running for cover and emergency responders rushing to the scene to assist the wounded. Roads around the site were immediately sealed off, and security forces established a cordon to protect civilians and secure the area, while ambulances transported the injured to nearby hospitals for treatment. No group has claimed responsibility for the attack, and Syrian authorities have launched an investigation to establish the circumstances and identify those responsible, with security sources indicating that they are examining surveillance footage and interviewing witnesses to piece together the events leading up to the explosions.
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The explosions occurred after Macron had entered the Presidential Palace to meet Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa for talks on bilateral relations, reconstruction, and Syria’s political transition, and at no point was the French president in danger, as the blast site was outside the secure perimeter designated for his movement and accommodation. The Elysee Palace confirmed that Macron did not hear the explosions while travelling to the meeting, and a Reuters journalist with the press group accompanying Macron did not hear the blast or see any commotion during the president’s morning events, underscoring the distance between the explosion site and the location of the French leader’s engagements. French presidency sources stated: “The programme continues,” adding that the explosion site was outside the security perimeter designated for the president’s accommodation, and that Macron’s schedule remained unchanged, with the visit proceeding as planned to demonstrate France’s commitment to engaging with Syria’s new leadership.
Macron arrived in Damascus on Monday evening, becoming the first European Union leader to visit Syria since the fall of Bashar al-Assad’s 24-year rule in December 2024, a historic moment that signals a significant shift in international engagement with the country. He was accompanied by a business delegation including the chief executives of TotalEnergies and French container shipping group CMA CGM, with Syria’s reconstruction among the key themes of the visit, reflecting France’s interest in securing economic opportunities in the war-torn nation. In a post on social media, Macron declared: “I have come to express France’s commitment to the Syrian people. For a sovereign Syria, united in its diversity and at peace with its neighbours. Together, let us open a new chapter of stability and peace,” emphasizing France’s support for Syria’s territorial integrity and its vision for a peaceful future. The visit highlights Syria’s geopolitical transformation under al-Sharaa, a former al Qaeda commander who has established close ties with Western and Middle Eastern powers that shunned Assad, as he seeks to rebuild a country shattered by 13 years of war and re-establish its place in the international community.
France has signalled support for those who can “contribute to build a new Syria” in line with the aspirations expressed since the 2011 Arab Spring, a reference to the pro-democracy protests that sparked the brutal conflict and eventually led to Assad’s downfall. The incident comes just days after a bomb blast at a crowded cafe near the Palace of Justice in central Damascus killed at least ten people and injured 21 others, and earlier this week, Syrian authorities also foiled an attempt to bomb a passenger bus in a Damascus suburb, indicating that security threats remain a persistent challenge. It underscores the fragile security situation in Syria even as the country’s new leadership seeks to rebuild ties with Western powers and attract investment for reconstruction, as remnants of the previous regime, extremist groups, or other actors may seek to destabilise the transition through acts of violence.
The visit is scheduled to continue as planned, with Macron set to travel next to Ankara, Turkey, for the NATO summit, where al-Sharaa is also expected to attend, providing an opportunity for further high-level discussions on regional security and Syria’s future. The French presidency has emphasised that the visit demonstrates France’s determination to engage with the new Syrian authorities and support the country’s transition, despite the security risks that such engagement entails. As the investigation into Tuesday’s explosions continues, Syrian authorities have vowed to bring those responsible to justice and to maintain security in the capital, while the international community watches closely to see whether the country can navigate its transition without descending into further violence.
18 Wounded in Twin Damascus Blasts During Macron’s Historic Syria Visit
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International
US indicts 17 Iranians over $20m cyber-theft campaign targeting 322 global institutions
US indicts 17 Iranians over $20m cyber-theft campaign targeting 322 global institutions
Justice Department Unseals 14-Count Superseding Indictment Alleging Massive Hacking Operation Conducted on Behalf of Iranian Government and IRGC
The United States has charged 17 Iranian nationals in connection with an alleged massive cyber-theft campaign that targeted hundreds of universities, private companies, government agencies, and non-governmental organisations across the globe. The US Department of Justice announced on Tuesday that a 14-count superseding indictment had been unsealed against members of the Mabna Institute, an Iran-based company accused of conducting coordinated cyber intrusions since at least 2013, according to multiple reports.
The indictment, which has been assigned to US District Judge Jesse M. Furman in the Southern District of New York, represents one of the most extensive cyber-related prosecutions ever brought against Iranian actors. Nine of the 17 defendants were previously charged in a seven-count indictment announced in March 2018, while Tuesday’s superseding indictment adds eight additional defendants to the case, expanding the scope of the alleged criminal enterprise.
Assistant Attorney General for National Security John Eisenberg stated that the defendants allegedly hacked universities and research institutions worldwide at the behest of entities including Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), stealing large volumes of information and intellectual property. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) also stated that the defendants allegedly operated a “hacking-for-hire” network targeting intellectual property belonging to American and allied universities, companies, and government agencies for the benefit of the Iranian government. The US authorities stressed that an indictment is merely an allegation and that all defendants are presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
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The alleged hacking campaign targeted a staggering number of victims globally, including 144 US-based universities and 178 foreign universities, totalling 322 academic institutions worldwide. The hackers are alleged to have targeted more than 100,000 university professor accounts globally and successfully compromised about 8,000 accounts across the identified universities. The campaign, which began around 2013 and continued through at least December 2017, targeted academic research and intellectual property across fields including science and technology, engineering, social sciences, and medicine.
The Justice Department said the hackers stole at least 31.5 terabytes of academic data and intellectual property, including journals, theses, dissertations, and electronic books. Some of the stolen material was allegedly sold through websites operated or affiliated with members of the conspiracy, transforming stolen academic resources into a profitable underground enterprise. Beyond universities, the defendants allegedly compromised employee email accounts at at least 42 US-based private companies, 11 foreign companies, and several government agencies and non-governmental organisations.
The alleged hacking campaign extended beyond academic institutions to include several high-profile government and non-governmental organisations. The Justice Department identified the following entities as among those targeted: the US Department of Labor, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), the states of Hawaii and Indiana, the United Nations, and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). The superseding indictment also alleges that members of the group targeted HBO and were involved in hacking private companies and government entities, causing victims to incur more than $20 million in investigation and remediation costs.
A central element of the indictment is the alleged connection between the Mabna Institute and Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). The Justice Department alleged that many of the cyber intrusions were conducted on behalf of the IRGC and other Iranian government and university clients. The Mabna Institute was founded around 2013 by Gholamreza Rafatnejad and Ehsan Mohammadi, according to the Justice Department. The organisation allegedly assisted Iranian universities and research institutions in obtaining unauthorised access to scientific resources outside Iran while also providing hacking services to Iranian government and private entities.
This mirrors actions taken by the US Treasury Department in March 2018, when it announced sanctions against the Mabna Institute and 10 individuals, stating that the group had been acting at the behest of the IRGC. The Treasury Department had also noted that one of the hackers involved had attempted to extort $6 million from a US media company and was previously indicted in November 2017, demonstrating a pattern of aggressive cyber-operations and financial extortion.
The US Department of State’s Rewards for Justice programme is offering up to $10 million for information leading to the location of five of the defendants: Behzad Mesri, Mojtaba Galekuhi, Arman Kahzadian, Keyvan Fayaz, and Saber Shahbazi Ballojeh. This substantial reward reflects the seriousness with which US authorities view these alleged cyber-operations and their commitment to bringing the perpetrators to justice.
The case highlights the persistent challenge of state-sponsored cyber-operations and the ongoing efforts by US authorities to hold perpetrators accountable through legal and financial measures. With the charged individuals believed to be outside the United States and no extradition treaty with Iran, their apprehension remains uncertain. However, the US continues to pursue international cooperation and legal avenues to bring them to justice, signalling that such cyber-operations will not go unanswered.
US indicts 17 Iranians over $20m cyber-theft campaign targeting 322 global institutions
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