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No Evidence of State-Sponsored Christian Persecution in Nigeria — UN Expert
No Evidence of State-Sponsored Christian Persecution in Nigeria — UN Expert
- UN Special Rapporteur Nazila Ghanea says victims ‘understandably’ describe violence as persecution due to government’s failure to provide protection and justice
Nazila Ghanea, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief, has concluded that there is no evidence of direct government-sponsored religious persecution in Nigeria following a 12-day fact-finding mission across the country. Speaking at the National Human Rights Commission in Abuja, Ghanea stated unequivocally that she did not observe “a direct government instruction… with an intentionality of destroying one religious community or another.” However, she warned that inadequate government response to security concerns, combined with a pervasive culture of impunity, is causing victims to view their experiences as persecution or genocide. During her visit from June 8 to 19, 2026, Ghanea and her team interviewed more than 200 stakeholders, including government officials, religious leaders, civil society groups, lawyers, academics, and victims of violence in Abuja, Kano, and Jos, and she found that virtually every discussion was dominated by concerns over security rather than formal religious discrimination.
The central theme of Ghanea’s preliminary findings was the devastating impact of impunity and lack of accountability, which she said has entrenched cycles of fear and violence and encouraged its spread, as many affected communities complained of inadequate protection by security agencies and the absence of justice after attacks, leading to declining public confidence in government institutions. “When, as a result of these crises, time and again, justice is not seen to be done, understandably, the victim starts to describe this as persecution, or genocide,” Ghanea explained, adding that when everything in one’s world has been reduced to dust, when religious leaders have been killed and places of worship destroyed, and when one has seen no action or inadequate prevention and justice from the authorities, then why would one think otherwise. The UN expert described a grim reality across Nigeria’s North-west and North-central regions, where communities are trapped in endless cycles of violence, detailing horrifying experiences reported to her team including mass arson attacks, mass displacement, kidnappings, destruction of places of worship and schools, and the total decimation of livelihoods, with some communities having been displaced multiple times over the past decade, forced to begin life afresh after each attack only to witness fresh killings and destruction.
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Ghanea noted that issues relating to religious freedom and tolerance were “overshadowed by the security concerns,” and “almost every interlocutor responded by talking about religious crisis and insecurity — and they frontloaded that.” While acknowledging that Christians have been singled out by jihadist groups, Ghanea stressed that Muslims are also constantly targeted and that conflicts often fall across religious lines while being driven by complex factors including land disputes, economic competition, climate pressures, and criminality, warning against simplistic characterisations of Nigeria as a “Muslim North” and “Christian South,” describing such narratives as reductive and polarising of the country’s rich pluralism. She also raised concerns about the growing reliance on vigilante groups and community self-help security arrangements, warning that the proliferation of armed groups could worsen insecurity rather than reduce it.
The UN Special Rapporteur acknowledged that Nigeria’s Constitution guarantees fundamental rights including freedom of thought, conscience and religion; freedom of expression; non-discrimination; and the rights to life and dignity, however, she drew attention to tensions arising at the state level within plural legal systems governing personal status matters, blasphemy, hate speech, and criminal punishments — laws introduced in northern states in the early 2000s. Ghanea also expressed concern over the continued requirement for citizens to disclose their religious affiliation in several official processes, including job applications, pension documentation, school admissions, and recruitment into the police and military, warning that such practices reinforce religious identity as a dominant organising principle of society and may encourage discrimination, though she welcomed reports that religion has been removed from applications for Nigerian passports and National Identification Numbers, describing the move as a positive development.
Ghanea’s visit came against the backdrop of politically charged accusations over Christian “persecution” that strained diplomatic ties last year, as the United States, under President Donald Trump, elevated such claims to the highest levels of government, with Trump at one point condemning what he called a Christian “genocide” in the country, though Washington and Abuja have since found common ground, launching a joint military campaign against jihadists. When asked about Trump’s genocide claims, Ghanea said she had spoken to “senior legal experts” who said: “‘I cannot say that genocide is not happening anywhere in Nigeria,'” however, she stressed that her own findings did not reveal a government policy of destruction against any religious community.
Despite the daunting challenges, Ghanea expressed measured optimism about Nigeria’s capacity to chart a better course, stating that there is no doubt that Nigeria has the expertise and experts as well as inspirational, committed youth to secure freedom of thought, conscience and religion for all on an equal basis, while also acknowledging that there is a long way to go until that is fully realised. She commended the resilience of victims, the vibrancy of Nigeria’s civil society, and the efforts of interfaith organisations and community peacebuilding initiatives working to promote peace and tolerance across the country. The Special Rapporteur is expected to present a comprehensive report with full findings and recommendations to the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva in March 2027, which will assess Nigeria’s compliance with international human rights standards and propose measures to guarantee religious freedom for all citizens on an equal basis.
No Evidence of State-Sponsored Christian Persecution in Nigeria — UN Expert
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Three Young Herders Killed, Two Missing in Plateau Attack
Three Young Herders Killed, Two Missing in Plateau Attack
Three young herders have been killed and two others reported missing after suspected gunmen attacked a group tending cattle in the Aloghom area of Mangu Local Government Area, Plateau State.
The attack occurred on Saturday, September 12, 2026, in the Sabon Gari district of Mangu, an area that has experienced repeated incidents of violence involving farming and herding communities.
The victims were identified as Garzali Shaibu, 18; Bashiru Yakubu, 14; and Salim Abubakar, 15.
According to reports citing a military situation report, troops of Operation Enduring Peace were alerted after receiving information that herders grazing in the area had come under attack. Soldiers deployed from Sabon Gari subsequently moved to the location and recovered the bodies of the three victims.
Surviving members of the group reportedly told the troops that two other herders were unaccounted for, prompting efforts to establish their whereabouts.
The attack also resulted in significant losses of livestock. A situation report cited by security-focused publication Zagazola Makama put the number of cattle killed at 36, while 12 others were reportedly found with gunshot wounds. Community sources, however, estimated that about 50 cattle were killed in the attack.
The differing figures could not immediately be reconciled, but reports agree that the incident caused substantial losses of livestock belonging to the affected herding community.
Hashimu Yahaya, coordinator of the Fulbe Fulani Development Association in Mangu, identified the three victims and condemned the killings.
The Plateau State chairman of the Miyetti Allah Cattle Breeders Association of Nigeria (MACBAN), Ibrahim Yusuf Babayo, also condemned the attack and called for an investigation into the killings.
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Community representatives alleged that the attackers were members of a militia suspected to be operating in the area. That allegation has not been independently established, and the identities of the attackers and their motive remained under investigation.
There were also allegations that security personnel from another agency were present around the area during the incident but failed to intervene. The claim was reported as an allegation and had not been independently verified.
Security personnel reportedly recovered empty tear-gas canisters from the scene as troops intensified patrols and other operations in the area.
The military also warned against any attempt by members of the affected community to retaliate, amid concerns that the killings could trigger further violence between communities.
The latest incident came amid a fresh series of attacks in Plateau State, particularly in Mangu and neighbouring areas.
The state government subsequently condemned fresh attacks recorded in Mangu and a separate attack at Dungus Junction in Jos South Local Government Area, while urging residents to reject reprisals and cooperate with security agencies.
The violence has also occurred against the backdrop of efforts by security agencies and community stakeholders to mediate disputes between farmers and herders.
In Bokkos Local Government Area, for instance, troops of Operation Enduring Peace recently facilitated a settlement between farmers and herders after farms in Dambwash, Danbukor and Fokko were reportedly destroyed. Under the agreement, affected herders paid N4.5 million in compensation to 38 farmers, according to reports citing the military situation report.
Despite such interventions, recurring attacks continue to raise concerns over the security of farming and herding communities in Plateau.
The three slain herders were later buried in Mangu following funeral prayers at the Mangu Central Mosque, with community leaders using the occasion to appeal for calm and government action. Security personnel present at the burial reportedly urged residents to allow investigations into the killings to continue and avoid retaliatory attacks.
The killings have renewed concerns about the vulnerability of young people involved in livestock production and the wider impact of prolonged insecurity on livelihoods in Plateau.
For residents of Mangu and surrounding communities, the immediate concern remains preventing the incident from triggering another cycle of reprisal violence, while security agencies face pressure to identify those responsible, establish the fate of the two missing herders and strengthen protection for communities at risk.
Authorities have not publicly established the identities of the perpetrators, and investigations into the circumstances surrounding the attack remain ongoing.
Three Young Herders Killed, Two Missing in Plateau Attack
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EFCC Opens Mambilla Probe as Atiku, Malami, Others Named in ICC Arbitration Award
EFCC Opens Mambilla Probe as Atiku, Malami, Others Named in ICC Arbitration Award
The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has reportedly constituted a special investigative team to examine alleged questionable transactions and dealings connected to the long-running Mambilla Hydroelectric Power Project, following a major International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) arbitration ruling involving Nigeria and Sunrise Power and Transmission Company Limited.
The development comes days after an ICC tribunal ruled in favour of the Federal Government of Nigeria, rejecting claims brought by Sunrise Power and its promoter, Leno Adesanya, over the controversial power project.
The reported EFCC investigation is expected to examine transactions and allegations arising from the 616-page arbitration award.
Among the individuals named or discussed in the tribunal proceedings are former Vice-President Atiku Abubakar, his former wife Jennifer Douglas Abubakar, former Attorney-General of the Federation Abubakar Malami, former Minister of Power and Steel Olu Agunloye, former National Security Adviser Sambo Dasuki, his son Abubakar Dasuki, former Solicitor-General of the Federation Abdullahi Yola, and former Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Power Dere Awosika.
The appearance of a person’s name in the arbitration award does not, however, establish criminal liability. The reported EFCC investigation is a separate process through which allegations and financial transactions may be examined under Nigerian law.
The ICC tribunal rejected Sunrise Power’s claims against Nigeria, including a demand linked to an earlier settlement agreement. The tribunal also ordered Sunrise and Adesanya to reimburse Nigeria about $11.8 million in legal fees and expenses.
The arbitration was connected to the disputed Mambilla Power Project in Taraba State, which has been the subject of legal and contractual disagreements for more than two decades.
One of the transactions examined by the tribunal was a $500,000 payment made by Adesanya in January 2003 from an account associated with his offshore company, China Castle Investments Ltd, to a United States bank account belonging to Jennifer Douglas Abubakar.
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According to the tribunal findings, Adesanya said the payment was connected to a foreign-exchange transaction undertaken for Atiku through his bureau de change business.
The tribunal, however, said the explanation was not supported by sufficient documentary evidence. It noted that records establishing the underlying naira payment, exchange rate, instructions or other documentation corroborating the explanation were not produced.
The tribunal described the circumstances surrounding the transaction as raising significant questions, particularly because of its timing and Adesanya’s efforts to secure the Mambilla contract.
The tribunal also considered other payments involving individuals connected to the project, including payments allegedly made to former minister Olu Agunloye through an aide and a payment of about $1.74 million made to Abubakar Dasuki.
In relation to Atiku, the tribunal’s findings require particular distinction. While it examined the $500,000 payment and the circumstances surrounding it, the tribunal did not find evidence that Atiku used his position as a government official to secure the Mambilla contract for Sunrise.
That finding is significant because the EFCC‘s reported investigation should not be presented as an established finding of criminal wrongdoing against Atiku or any other individual named in the award.
The arbitration also contained critical findings concerning former Attorney-General Abubakar Malami.
The tribunal criticised Malami’s handling of settlement negotiations with Sunrise and, according to the award, raised serious concerns about his dealings with Adesanya.
The tribunal also concluded that the settlement arrangements at the centre of the dispute were not binding on Nigeria because the required presidential approval had not been obtained.
The findings concerning Malami are part of an arbitration award rather than a criminal conviction. Any criminal consequences would depend on further investigation and, where applicable, prosecution and adjudication by the appropriate Nigerian courts.
The Mambilla Power Project dates back to a 2003 arrangement for the development of a major hydropower facility in Taraba State. The project subsequently became embroiled in disputes over the validity of the contract, settlement agreements and compensation claims.
Sunrise Power later pursued arbitration proceedings against Nigeria, including claims running into hundreds of millions of dollars.
The latest ICC decision rejected the claims before the tribunal and was welcomed by the Federal Government as a major development in the prolonged dispute.
President Bola Ahmed Tinubu welcomed the ruling and said it removed a significant legal obstacle surrounding the project.
Sunrise Power promoter Leno Adesanya, however, said the company’s legal team would review the arbitration decision and consider available lawful options.
The reported EFCC investigation now introduces a separate domestic dimension to the Mambilla controversy.
Investigators are expected to examine the financial transactions, relationships and official decisions highlighted during the arbitration proceedings and determine whether any of the conduct amounts to offences under Nigerian law.
The EFCC has not publicly announced criminal charges against Atiku, Malami or the other individuals whose names appeared in the tribunal proceedings based on the reports surrounding the latest development.
Consequently, being named in the ICC Mambilla arbitration award should not be interpreted as equivalent to being charged with or convicted of a crime.
The latest development nevertheless places the Mambilla Power Project, the disputed financial transactions and the conduct of several former public officials under renewed scrutiny as the reported EFCC investigation progresses.
The focus will now be on what the domestic investigation establishes independently of the ICC proceedings, while the Federal Government continues efforts to advance the long-delayed hydropower project.
EFCC Opens Mambilla Probe as Atiku, Malami, Others Named in ICC Arbitration Award
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Kidnapped Female Police Officer Found Dead in Ebonyi as Suspect Leads Police to Remains
Kidnapped Female Police Officer Found Dead in Ebonyi as Suspect Leads Police to Remains
A female police officer kidnapped in Ebonyi State has been found dead after police arrested a principal suspect in connection with her abduction and recovered her remains from a location allegedly identified by the suspect.
The development was disclosed by the Nigeria Police Force in its latest nationwide operational update, which highlighted arrests, rescue operations and the recovery of weapons and other exhibits across several states.
According to the police, the suspect was arrested following sustained intelligence-driven and technology-based investigations into the abduction of the female officer.
The suspect allegedly led police operatives to the location where the remains of the kidnapped police officer were recovered.
The Force did not, however, disclose the identity of the officer, the circumstances surrounding her abduction or the cause of her death.
It also did not state how long the officer had been missing before her remains were recovered or whether additional suspects had been arrested in connection with the case.
The development represents a major breakthrough in the investigation into the officer’s disappearance, but police said the case remains under investigation.
The suspect is being treated as an alleged member of a kidnapping syndicate pending the conclusion of investigations and any subsequent court proceedings.
Police said the investigation was supported by intelligence gathering and technology, which eventually led operatives to the principal suspect.
Following the arrest, the suspect allegedly provided information that enabled investigators to locate the scene where the officer’s remains were recovered.
The circumstances surrounding the officer’s death are yet to be publicly established. Police have not disclosed whether the remains showed evidence of violence or whether a forensic examination has been conducted to determine the cause of death.
Investigators are expected to examine the recovered remains and other evidence as they work to establish what happened to the officer and determine whether other individuals were involved in her abduction and death.
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The Ebonyi case was included in a wider Nigeria Police Force operational report covering security operations across the country. The Force said its operations resulted in the arrest of 334 suspects and the rescue of kidnapped victims, alongside the recovery of firearms, ammunition and other exhibits in different states.
In another operation reported in Adamawa State, police said two kidnapped victims were rescued from a suspected kidnappers’ hideout in Shako Forest, Toungo Local Government Area, while a suspect was arrested and allegedly provided information implicating five fleeing accomplices. (Primetimes)
The police said the various cases remain under investigation by the relevant State Criminal Investigation Departments (CID) and the CID at Force Headquarters in Abuja.
For the Ebonyi investigation, the immediate focus is expected to be on determining the circumstances of the officer’s abduction, identifying all those allegedly involved and establishing how and when she died.
The recovery also gives investigators an opportunity to gather further physical and forensic evidence that could help link suspects to the crime.
The police have not announced any further arrests in the case or disclosed whether any weapons, vehicles, communication devices or other exhibits were recovered during the operation.
The Force has increasingly emphasised intelligence-led policing, technology-assisted investigations and inter-agency cooperation in its response to kidnapping and other organised crimes.
The latest development in Ebonyi underscores the continuing security challenges faced by police personnel and other residents in areas affected by kidnapping and violent criminal activity.
While the arrest represents progress in the investigation, the police have yet to provide a full account of the circumstances leading to the officer’s death.
Further details are expected as investigators continue questioning the suspect and examining evidence recovered from the scene.
Until the investigation and any court proceedings are concluded, the suspect remains presumed innocent and allegations against him have not been established by a court.
Kidnapped Female Police Officer Found Dead in Ebonyi as Suspect Leads Police to Remains
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