Health
Pfizer/BioNTech data shows COVID-19 vaccine safe and protective in kids
Sept 20 (Reuters) – Pfizer Inc (PFE.N) and BioNTech SE said on Monday their COVID-19 vaccine induced a robust immune response in 5 to 11 year olds, and they plan to ask for authorization to use the vaccine in children in that age range in the United States, Europe and elsewhere as soon as possible.
The companies said the vaccine generated an immune response in the 5-to-11 year olds in their Phase II/III clinical trial that matched what they had previously observed in 16-to-25 year olds. The safety profile was also generally comparable to the older age group, they said.
“Since July, pediatric cases of COVID-19 have risen by about 240 percent in the U.S. – underscoring the public health need for vaccination,” Pfizer Chief Executive Albert Bourla said in a news release.
“These trial results provide a strong foundation for seeking authorization of our vaccine for children 5 to 11 years old, and we plan to submit them to the FDA and other regulators with urgency.”
Top U.S. health officials believe regulators could make a decision on whether the shot is safe and effective in younger children within three weeks of the companies submitting a request for authorization, two sources told Reuters earlier this month.
COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths have surged in the United States in recent months due to the highly contagious Delta variant. Pediatric cases are also up, particularly as children under 12 are all unvaccinated, but there is no indication that, beyond being more transmissive, the Delta virus is more dangerous in kids.
A rapid authorization could help mitigate a potential surge of cases in the fall, especially with schools already open nationwide.
The companies’ vaccine, called Comirnaty, is already authorized for use in children as young as 12 in many countries, including the United States. The vaccine was originally authorized for emerenecy use in people 16 or older in the United States in December 2020 and received full U.S. approval in that age group last month.
The 5-to-11 year olds were given two shots of a 10-microgram dose of the vaccine, one-third the dose size that has been given to people 12 and older. The companies expect data on how well the vaccine works in children 2-to-5 years of age and children 6 months-to-2 years of age as soon as the fourth quarter of this year.
Unlike the larger clinical trial the drugmakers previously conducted in adults, the 2,268 participant pediatric trial was not primarily designed to measure the vaccine’s efficacy by comparing the number of COVID-19 cases in vaccine recipients to those who received a placebo.
Instead, the trial compares the amount of neutralizing antibodies induced by the vaccine in the children to the response of older recipients in the adult trial.
A Pfizer spokesperson said the companies may later disclose vaccine efficacy from the trial but there had not been enough cases of COVID-19 yet among the participants to make that determination.
The vaccine was around 95 percent effective in the adult clinical trial, but Pfizer has said that immunity wanes some months after the second dose. U.S. regulators are expected to authorize a third, booster dose of the vaccine for older and high-risk Americans early this week. read more
The companies said the vaccine was well-tolerated, with side effects generally comparable to those observed in participants 16 to 25 years of age.
Both the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines have been linked by regulators to rare cases of heart inflammation in adolescents and young adults, particularly young men. Pfizer said they did not see any instances of heart inflammation in the trial participants.
Health
Scientists Warn Popular Hair Extensions Contain Cancer‑Linked Chemicals
Scientists Warn Popular Hair Extensions Contain Cancer‑Linked Chemicals
A new study has revealed that many popular hair extensions, including those made from human hair, contain chemicals linked to cancer, hormone disruption, and reproductive harm, raising serious health concerns for consumers worldwide. The findings, published in the American Chemical Society journal Environment & Health, represent the most comprehensive chemical analysis of this largely unregulated beauty product category to date.
Researchers from the Silent Spring Institute tested 43 hair extension products purchased from online retailers and local beauty supply stores. These included synthetic fibers and bio-based materials, such as human, banana, and silk hair. Using advanced non-targeted chemical analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry, scientists detected over 900 chemical signatures, identifying 169 distinct chemicals. Most of the samples contained hazardous substances linked to cancer, hormone disruption, developmental harm, and immune system effects.
Among the dangerous compounds detected were phthalates, styrene, pesticides, flame retardants, tetrachloroethane, and organotins. Some chemicals, such as organotins, were found at levels exceeding European Union safety limits, while 17 chemicals identified in 36 products were linked to breast cancer and hormone disruption. Only two products tested were free of hazardous chemicals and labeled “non-toxic”.
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Lead author Dr. Elissia Franklin said the study highlights the disproportionate exposure risk faced by Black women, who use hair extensions at much higher rates than other demographic groups. Surveys show that more than 70 percent of Black women reported wearing extensions at least once in the past year, compared with fewer than 10 percent of women from other racial or ethnic groups. Franklin explained that extensions are often worn for cultural expression, personal style, and convenience, yet users are largely unaware of the health risks posed by prolonged chemical exposure.
Because hair extensions rest directly against the scalp and neck, wearers may experience extended skin contact, and heating during styling can release chemicals into the air, leading to inhalation exposure. The study also found that manufacturers rarely disclose the full list of chemicals used to make extensions flame-resistant, waterproof, or antimicrobial, leaving consumers in the dark about potential hazards.
Consumer advocates are calling for stricter regulation, mandatory ingredient disclosure, and safer product alternatives. With the global hair extension market projected to exceed $14 billion by 2028, experts warn that millions of users could face cumulative exposure to toxic chemicals unless companies and regulators take action.
Dr. Franklin concluded: “These findings make clear that stronger oversight is urgently needed to protect consumers and push companies to invest in making safer products. No one should have to choose between cultural expression, convenience, and their health.”
Scientists Warn Popular Hair Extensions Contain Cancer‑Linked Chemicals
Health
Lassa Fever Deaths in Nigeria Rise to 51 After 15 Killed in Early February – NCDC
Lassa Fever Deaths in Nigeria Rise to 51 After 15 Killed in Early February – NCDC
Nigeria is facing a rising Lassa fever outbreak in 2026, with 15 deaths recorded in the first week of February, pushing the total fatalities from confirmed cases to 51 between the first and sixth epidemiological weeks, the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has reported. This reflects the continued severity of the viral haemorrhagic disease. The 15 deaths reported between February 2 and 8 translate to a Case Fatality Rate (CFR) of 21.3 per cent, higher than the 19.4 per cent recorded during the same period in 2025, despite a decline in overall suspected cases compared to last year.
Two healthcare workers were also infected in week six of the outbreak, highlighting the ongoing risks faced by frontline responders. Cumulative data for 2026 show 1,034 suspected cases, 240 confirmed cases, and four probable cases, spread across 10 states and 42 Local Government Areas (LGAs). For comparison, during the same period in 2025, Nigeria recorded 1,913 suspected cases, 413 confirmed infections, and 80 deaths across 11 states and 63 LGAs, showing a reduction in suspected cases but persistence of high fatality rates.
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In the latest reporting week alone, 15 deaths occurred from 74 confirmed infections out of 271 suspected cases, resulting in a weekly CFR of 20.3 per cent. Confirmed cases increased from 44 in epidemiological week 5 to 74 in week 6, indicating a week-on-week rise in infections. The new confirmed cases were reported across eight states — Taraba, Ondo, Bauchi, Edo, Benue, Nasarawa, Kogi, and Ebonyi — affecting 24 LGAs.
Data analysis shows that 89 per cent of confirmed infections in 2026 are concentrated in four high-burden states: Bauchi (38%), Taraba (22%), Ondo (20%), and Edo (9%), while the remaining 11 per cent of cases were reported from six other states. The outbreak predominantly affects people aged 21 to 30 years, although cases range from 1 to 74 years, with a median age of 29 years. The male-to-female ratio among confirmed cases stands at approximately 1:0.7.
To manage the outbreak, the NCDC has activated the National Lassa Fever Multi-Partner, Multi-Sectoral Incident Management System (IMS) to coordinate surveillance, case management, laboratory support, and risk communication across affected states. The agency has urged citizens to adopt preventive measures such as improving sanitation and hygiene, practicing rodent control, ensuring early presentation of suspected cases at health facilities, and cooperating with public health authorities. The NCDC emphasised that timely intervention, early treatment with Ribavirin, and community awareness are critical to reducing fatalities and containing the outbreak.
Lassa Fever Deaths in Nigeria Rise to 51 After 15 Killed in Early February – NCDC
Health
Ramadan Health Tips: Six Ways to Stay Hydrated While Fasting
Ramadan Health Tips: Six Ways to Stay Hydrated While Fasting
Staying hydrated during Ramadan is essential for maintaining energy, focus, and overall well-being while observing long hours of fasting. Health experts warn that poor hydration can lead to fatigue, headaches, dizziness, and reduced concentration. Below are six essential, numbered tips to help you stay properly hydrated throughout the holy month:
1. Drink Enough Water Between Iftar and Suhoor
Ensure you consume 6–8 glasses of water between Iftar and Suhoor. Spread your intake gradually instead of drinking large amounts at once, allowing your body to absorb fluids effectively.
2. Break Your Fast With Water
Start Iftar with water to quickly replace fluids lost during the day and prepare your digestive system for food. Avoid sugary or carbonated drinks at this stage, as they can increase thirst later.
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3. Eat Water-Rich Foods
Include fruits and vegetables with high water content, such as watermelon, oranges, cucumbers, tomatoes, lettuce, and soups. These foods support hydration while providing essential nutrients.
4. Reduce Salty, Spicy, and Fried Foods
Limit foods high in salt, oil, and spices, especially at Suhoor, as they increase thirst and can cause dehydration during fasting hours.
5. Limit Caffeine Intake
Reduce consumption of coffee, tea, and energy drinks, as caffeine has a diuretic effect that causes the body to lose more fluids. If taken, balance it with extra water.
6. Never Skip Suhoor
Suhoor plays a crucial role in hydration and energy. Eat a balanced pre-dawn meal that includes water, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and protein to help sustain you throughout the day.
Maintaining proper hydration during Ramadan fasting helps support digestion, boosts energy levels, and keeps the body functioning optimally throughout the holy month.
Ramadan Health Tips: Six Ways to Stay Hydrated While Fasting
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