Health
UK Scientists Develop New Ebola Vaccine As Congo Outbreak Triggers Global Health Concern
UK Scientists Develop New Ebola Vaccine As Congo Outbreak Triggers Global Health Concern
Scientists at the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom are racing to develop a new Ebola vaccine that could be ready within months as the deadly outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) continues to worsen.
The experimental vaccine is specifically targeting the rare Bundibugyo Ebola strain, a dangerous species of the virus that currently has no approved vaccine or dedicated treatment.
According to health authorities, the outbreak in Congo has already led to about 750 suspected infections and 177 deaths, while cases have also reportedly spread into neighbouring Uganda, raising fears of wider regional transmission.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has now upgraded the national risk level in Congo from “high” to “very high” and declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, although officials stressed that the situation is not yet considered a pandemic.
Scientists at Oxford University say they are accelerating vaccine development efforts in preparation for a possible escalation of the outbreak.
The vaccine is being developed using the same adaptable ChAdOx1 technology that powered the Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine during the coronavirus pandemic.
Researchers explained that the technology uses a harmless modified virus derived from a chimpanzee cold virus to safely deliver genetic instructions to the human immune system.
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This time, scientists inserted genetic material from the Bundibugyo Ebola virus so the immune system can recognise and fight the infection if exposed later.
Experts say the vaccine itself cannot cause Ebola infection or symptoms but is designed to prepare the body’s immune defences against the virus.
Oxford University confirmed that the vaccine, known as ChAdOx1 BDBV, is being developed in partnership with the Serum Institute of India, one of the world’s largest vaccine manufacturers.
The Serum Institute is expected to mass-produce doses once Oxford scientists provide medical-grade materials for manufacturing.
Animal testing is already underway in Oxford as researchers simultaneously prepare for possible human clinical trials.
According to the WHO, the vaccine could be ready for early clinical testing within two to three months if development progresses successfully.
Professor Teresa Lambe, Calleva Head of Vaccine Immunology at the Oxford Vaccine Group, said scientists are moving quickly while still maintaining scientific and ethical standards.
“My hope is that this outbreak can be brought under control quickly and that vaccines are ultimately not needed. Nevertheless, our team and partners will continue working to ensure that potential vaccine options are available if they are needed,” she said.
Lambe also stressed the importance of preparing for the worst-case scenario.
“People are worried about this outbreak. Hopefully, contact tracing and quarantine will be enough, but we cannot take our foot off the gas,” she added.
Health experts say the Bundibugyo Ebola strain kills between 30 and 40 percent of infected patients, making it particularly dangerous because no licensed vaccine currently exists for it.
The virus was first identified in Uganda’s Bundibugyo district in 2007 before resurfacing in Congo years later.
Symptoms of Ebola include fever, vomiting, diarrhoea, weakness, bleeding and organ failure in severe cases.
In addition to vaccine development, global health authorities are intensifying contact tracing, isolation measures and public awareness campaigns to prevent further spread of the disease.
The outbreak has reignited international concerns over emerging infectious diseases and the need for rapid vaccine production capabilities following lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic.
UK Scientists Develop New Ebola Vaccine As Congo Outbreak Triggers Global Health Concern
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Health
FG strengthens emergency response, releases medical hotlines for Nigerians
FG strengthens emergency response, releases medical hotlines for Nigerians
The Federal Government has urged Nigerians to dial 112 whenever they face a medical emergency requiring urgent attention, as it released a list of emergency medical call centre numbers covering states across the country and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT).
The National Emergency Medical Service and Ambulance System (NEMSAS) said the toll-free 112 emergency number serves as a central access point for emergency medical assistance, while several states have additional dedicated numbers to facilitate faster responses.
NEMSAS said its emergency response system is designed to provide rapid intervention, professional medical care and life-saving services, with emergency responders available around the clock.
The agency released emergency contact numbers covering 35 states and the FCT, although it listed the emergency call centres in Benue and Imo as not operational.
Under the emergency contact arrangements, residents of Abia can call 112 or 08000000800, while those in Adamawa can use 112, 1755 or 07011111443.
In Akwa Ibom, the listed numbers are 112, 08000022322 and 08000022422, while residents of Anambra can call 112, 5111 or 08002200008.
Residents of Bauchi can dial 112 or 07038636433, while Bayelsa residents can use 112 or 08002200223. NEMSAS listed Borno as 112 or 08000000033, while Cross River has 112 as its listed emergency number.
For Delta, the listed contacts are 112, 07041008130 and 07041008131, while residents of Ebonyi can call 112, 08086446891 or 08086445736.
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In Edo, residents can use 112, 739 or 09037999871, while Ekiti lists 112, 08000606606, 0811111122, 0811111133, 0811111144 and 0811111155.
Residents of Enugu can call 112, 09074996090 or 07066466429, while Gombe lists 112 or 07033825646. Jigawa has 112 as its listed emergency number, while Kaduna residents can call 112 or 08064111599.
For Kano, the listed emergency contacts are 112, 09019999920 and 09049999914. Katsina and Kebbi each have 112 listed as their emergency number.
Residents of Kogi can dial 112, while Kwara residents can call 112, 09062010001 or 09062010002.
In Lagos, the listed emergency numbers are 112 and 767, while Nasarawa residents can use 112 or 08144911269.
Residents of Niger State can call 112, 08022422953 or 08155577513, while those in Osun can use 112, 08111110532 or 08111110561.
For Ogun, the listed numbers are 112 and 08112000033, while Ondo residents can call 112 or 08055300300.
Residents of Oyo can dial 112 or 615, while Plateau lists 112 or 09136982496.
In Rivers, residents can call 112, 09040222281, 09040222283 or 09040222285, while Sokoto residents can use 112, 07045963318 or 07071765080.
For Taraba, the listed emergency contacts are 112, 07041122777 and 07041100777, while Yobe residents can call 112, 09169981792 or 08000090009.
Zamfara has 112 as its listed emergency number, while residents of the FCT can call 112, 09157892931 or 09157892932.
The release is part of ongoing efforts by the Federal Government to strengthen emergency medical services in Nigeria, improve ambulance response and reduce delays in transporting patients to appropriate healthcare facilities.
NEMSAS has previously disclosed that emergency medical service structures have been established across the 36 states and the FCT, although the level of operational readiness differs from one state to another.
The agency has also identified challenges affecting the nationwide use of 112, including connectivity problems and inadequate public awareness. It has called for stronger collaboration with telecommunications providers to improve access to the emergency line.
To complement the national number, NEMSAS has therefore encouraged states to maintain dedicated emergency call centres and provide alternative contacts for residents.
The Federal Government is also pursuing a digital emergency dispatch platform designed to connect emergency callers, ambulance operators and healthcare facilities. The system is expected to support faster dispatch, patient tracking, referrals and coordination between emergency responders and treatment centres.
NEMSAS has expanded the deployment of emergency response assets, including ambulances and other vehicles designed to reach communities that may be difficult to access with conventional emergency vehicles.
The agency’s Rural Emergency Service and Maternal Transport (RESMAT) programme is also aimed at improving access to emergency transportation for pregnant women, newborns and other residents in underserved communities.
NEMSAS has called for greater public awareness of emergency services and urged Nigerians not to delay seeking help when confronted with life-threatening situations.
The agency advised residents to save 112 and their relevant state emergency numbers on their mobile phones so they can quickly request assistance when needed.
NEMSAS stressed that its emergency medical response service operates 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and that prompt access to professional emergency care can be critical in saving lives.
FG strengthens emergency response, releases medical hotlines for Nigerians
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Health
Stage 4 Cancer: Understanding Ogogo’s Diagnosis and Treatment Options
Health
Tinubu approves 25 new cancer treatment machines, FG begins wider cancer-care expansion
Tinubu approves 25 new cancer treatment machines, FG begins wider cancer-care expansion
President Bola Ahmed Tinubu has approved the procurement of 25 additional linear accelerators between 2027 and 2029 as part of the Federal Government’s efforts to expand cancer treatment capacity and strengthen cancer control in Nigeria.
The Minister of State for Health and Social Welfare, Dr Iziaq Salako, disclosed this on Tuesday in Abuja during a meeting of the National Cancer Control Plan (NCCP) Technical Working Group and Global Advisory Council.
Salako said the approval was part of a three-year plan to increase access to radiotherapy and other specialised cancer services across the country.
“Recently, President Bola Tinubu approved that between 2027 and 2029, the country should procure an additional 25 linear accelerators. We are executing a three-year plan to achieve this,” the minister said.
Linear accelerators, commonly known as LINACs, are machines used in radiotherapy to deliver high-energy radiation to cancer cells while limiting damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Their availability is critical to the treatment of many cancer patients requiring radiation therapy.
The planned procurement comes under the Federal Government’s National Cancer Control Plan 2026–2030, which seeks to reduce cancer incidence, illness and deaths while improving access to prevention, early detection, diagnosis, treatment and supportive care.
Salako said Nigeria continued to face a significant cancer burden, with many patients presenting at health facilities when their diseases had already reached advanced stages.
He identified inadequate infrastructure, shortages of skilled healthcare workers and limited funding among the challenges affecting cancer treatment and care in the country.
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The minister said the government was therefore pursuing a comprehensive cancer-control strategy that places equal emphasis on prevention, early detection, treatment, research, workforce development and partnerships.
Prevention, he said, remains a major priority of the administration.
Salako noted that President Tinubu had approved the inclusion of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in Nigeria’s routine immunisation programme.
“The President particularly continues to emphasise prioritising prevention. That is why one of the very first things he did was to approve that routinely, HPV vaccination should be part of our immunisation schedule,” he said.
HPV vaccination is an important public-health intervention because persistent infection with certain HPV types can cause cervical cancer and other cancers.
Salako added that the Federal Government was also working to strengthen hepatitis vaccination, expand cervical cancer screening and integrate screening services into primary healthcare facilities across the country.
“Prevention is better and cheaper than cure,” he said.
Beyond prevention, the government is also expanding specialised treatment infrastructure.
Salako disclosed that construction of six Cancer Centres of Excellence had commenced, with three already completed and work progressing on the remaining centres.
The centres are expected to improve access to specialised oncology services across Nigeria’s six geopolitical zones and reduce the pressure on existing cancer-treatment facilities.
The minister also inaugurated the Blood Cancer Consortium following the donation of equipment and other resources aimed at strengthening pathology laboratories and improving the diagnosis and management of blood cancers.
The President of the Nigerian Cancer Society, Prof. Abidemi Omonisi, commended the Federal Government for adopting a more coordinated approach to tackling cancer.
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Omonisi identified fragmented interventions among government agencies, development partners, researchers and other stakeholders as one of the challenges that had affected previous cancer-control efforts.
He said the NCCP Technical Working Group was helping to address the problem by bringing together government institutions, researchers, clinicians, development partners, cancer organisations, patients and other stakeholders under a common national framework.
According to him, stronger international partnerships and greater engagement with Nigerians in the diaspora could improve cancer research, technology transfer, workforce development and access to advanced cancer-care services.
Earlier, the Chair of the NCCP Technical Working Group, Prof. Folakemi Odedina, said the group had moved from planning to implementation.
She said the initiative had united government institutions, academics, patients, advocates, survivors, industry players and international partners around a common national cancer-control agenda.
Odedina said work was progressing across several areas, including cancer prevention, early detection, treatment, survivorship, palliative care, research, clinical trials, workforce development and digital health.
She added that the Global Advisory Council was providing expertise in cancer prevention and treatment, genomics, implementation science, workforce development, data management and artificial intelligence.
Odedina said efforts were also underway to strengthen Nigeria’s oncology clinical trials ecosystem and improve patients’ access to innovative treatment options.
“We intend to produce trained people, stronger institutions in Nigeria, better research, expanded clinical trials, improved technologies, greater access to care, and ultimately better outcomes for Nigerian cancer patients,” she said.
She, however, stressed that expanding medical treatment alone would not guarantee better outcomes if patients could not afford other costs associated with cancer care.
According to her, patients may also require support for transportation, nutrition and accommodation during treatment, particularly when specialised services are unavailable close to their communities.
Also speaking, Prof. Taofeek Owonikoko, Global Advisory Council Director at the University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Centre, said the partnership would strengthen coordination between Nigerian institutions and international cancer organisations.
He said the framework would help ensure that international interventions were aligned with Nigeria’s national priorities rather than operating independently.
Owonikoko described the ambition of achieving a cancer-free Nigeria by 2030 as a long-term goal that would require sustained investment in healthcare systems, research, infrastructure and treatment strategies.
“I’m very convinced that the 2030 cancer-free Nigeria is not going to be a slogan.
“While we may not make Nigeria cancer-free in 2030, I think we would have created the tools, the platform and the strategies that will ensure that we eventually become cancer-free,” he said.
Dr Lewis Roberts of Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Centre called for increased attention to liver, pancreatic and biliary tract cancers across Africa.
“Liver cancer is one of the major causes of cancer deaths in Africa. Across the continent, it’s the number three cause of death from cancer,” Roberts said.
He advocated stronger screening programmes, improved identification and treatment of viral hepatitis cases and wider vaccination coverage to reduce the incidence of liver cancer.
The Federal Government’s broader cancer strategy also places emphasis on research, cancer surveillance, data collection, digital health and the development of a specialised workforce capable of providing modern oncology services.
The NCCP 2026–2030 is designed to bring together federal and state governments, healthcare professionals, researchers, patients, survivors, civil society organisations, development partners and international institutions in a coordinated national response to cancer.
The government’s planned procurement of 25 additional linear accelerators, construction of six Cancer Centres of Excellence, expansion of screening programmes and strengthening of pathology and research facilities are therefore part of a wider attempt to improve Nigeria’s cancer-care system.
However, stakeholders say sustained funding, reliable infrastructure, adequate staffing and affordable access to treatment will remain essential if the new investments are to translate into better outcomes for people living with cancer.
The meeting reviewed progress under the National Cancer Control Plan and examined further strategies for strengthening coordinated action on cancer prevention, early detection, diagnosis, treatment, research and survivorship care across Nigeria.
Tinubu approves 25 new cancer treatment machines, FG begins wider cancer-care expansion
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