International
Israeli strikes on Gaza may have violated laws of war – UN report
Israeli strikes on Gaza may have violated laws of war – UN report
The UN Human Rights Office says Israeli air strikes in Gaza may have systematically violated the laws of war requiring that civilians and civilian infrastructure be protected.
It is the conclusion of a report on what it calls six “emblematic attacks” on residential buildings, a school, refugee camps and a market between 9 October and 2 December last year.
The UN says it has verified that at least 218 people were killed in the incidents and that civilian objects were destroyed.
Israel’s mission in Geneva rejected the UN’s findings as “factually, legally, and methodologically flawed”.
It insisted that the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) was operating in Gaza in accordance with international law and accused Hamas of unlawfully embedding itself among civilians.
The Israeli military launched a campaign to destroy the Palestinian armed group in response to an unprecedented attack on southern Israel on 7 October, during which about 1,200 people – mostly civilians – were killed and 251 others were taken hostage.
More than 37,390 people have been killed in Gaza since then, according to the territory’s Hamas-run health ministry. Its figures do not differentiate between civilians and combatants, but it had reportedly identified 14,680 children, women and elderly people among the dead by the end of April.
The report published by the UN Human Rights Office (OHCHR) on Wednesday examined six strikes where it said Israel might have violated fundamental principles of the laws of war.
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The strikes allegedly involved the use of 2,000lb (907kg), 1,000lb (453kg), and 250lb (110kg) air-dropped munitions, known respectively as GBU-31, GBU-32 and GBU-39s.
- Jabalia market, 9 October 2023 – Explosions destroyed two buildings. The UN said it verified at least 42 people were killed, including 14 children, and received information about an additional 18 deaths. The IDF said it struck several military targets, including an underground “terror tunnel” and Hamas fighters.
- Taj3 Tower, Gaza City, 25 October – The seven-floor residential building and six nearby structures were destroyed. The UN verified at least 105 people were killed, among them 47 children. Another seven fatalities were reported. The IDF said strikes that day hit “several unique and high value Hamas military assets and infrastructure”.
- Jabalia camp, 31 October – Ten structures in the densely-populated refugee camp were destroyed. The UN verified at least 56 people were killed, including 23 children, and received reports of another 43 fatalities. The IDF said the strike killed the commander of a Hamas battalion and a “large number of terrorists” hiding in tunnels.
- Bureij camp, 2 November – At least 12 buildings in the refugee camp were destroyed. The UN verified 15 people were killed, including nine children, and received information about an additional seven fatalities. The IDF said it struck “several Hamas infrastructures”.
- Al-Buraq school, Gaza City, 10 November – A two-storey section of the school was destroyed. At least 34 people were reported killed. The IDF said it struck a Hamas company commander hiding there, other operatives and military infrastructure.
- Shujaiya neighbourhood, Gaza City, 2 December – Fifteen buildings were destroyed. The UN received reports that 60 people were killed. The IDF said the strike killed a Hamas battalion commander, other fighters and military infrastructure.
“Given how densely populated the areas targeted were, the use of such a wide-area effect weapon would have in all likelihood resulted in an indiscriminate attack,” it adds.
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“Explosive weapons with such wide-area effects cannot be directed at a specific military object in densely populated areas of Gaza, and the effects cannot be limited, resulting in military objects, civilians and civilian objects being struck without distinction.”
The report says no specific warning was issued before five of the strikes, and that the presence of one commander, several combatants, or several military objectives in one area “does not render an entire neighbourhood a military objective”.
“The requirement to select means and methods of warfare that avoid or at the very least minimise to every extent civilian harm appears to have been consistently violated in Israel’s bombing campaign,” UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk said.
He called on Israel to make public the detailed findings of the IDF’s investigations into the six incidents “with a view to identifying those responsible for violations, holding them to account and to ensuring all victims’ rights to truth, justice and reparations”.
Israel’s mission to the UN in Geneva condemned the report, saying it “suffers from hindsight and methodological biases which cast a shadow on the credibility of its legal assessment”.
“The only objective of this thematic report is to lambast and single-out Israel, while further shielding Hamas terrorists in Gaza,” it added.
It also asserted that the conclusions were based on public information and data published by Hamas, overlooked operational considerations, and did not address Hamas’s tactics.
“Hamas systematically and unlawfully embeds its military assets within populated areas, and carries out its military activities amongst, behind, and under its own civilians in a deliberate and strategic attempt to maximize civilian harm,” it said. “It also cynically manipulates the statistics surrounding casualties.”
It added: “Israel is committed to its obligations under national and international law, and in particular, the principles of distinction, proportionality and precautions.”
BBC
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International
US Uncovers Birth Tourism Fraud Networks in Africa, Revokes Over 600 Visas Globally
US Uncovers Birth Tourism Fraud Networks in Africa, Revokes Over 600 Visas Globally
The United States Department of State has uncovered and dismantled multiple birth tourism fraud networks operating across Africa and Europe, revoking hundreds of visas and permanently banning several fraudsters from ever traveling to the United States again.
The crackdown, announced in a statement posted on the State Department’s official X handle on Wednesday, is part of a broader effort by the Trump administration to defend what it describes as “the integrity of U.S. citizenship” by ending illegal schemes designed to exploit the nation’s birthright citizenship laws.
In total, the United States has revoked more than 600 visas issued to foreign nationals who used birth tourism schemes to secure American citizenship for their children. The State Department confirmed that the revocations spanned three continents, with significant operations identified in West Africa, North Africa, and Europe.
A U.S. visa is “a privilege, not a right,” the department emphasized, adding that it is “taking action around the world to stop this abuse, dismantle birth tourism networks, and hold accountable those who try to scam our system.”
According to the State Department, a U.S. embassy in West Africa uncovered a sophisticated birth tourism network involving more than 100 foreign nationals who allegedly used fraudulent documents and visa “fixers” to secure entry into the United States. The operation uncovered a scheme in which individuals allegedly used fraudulent documents and visa facilitators to obtain U.S. visitor visas for the purpose of giving birth on American soil, allowing their children to acquire U.S. citizenship by birthright. The State Department did not disclose the specific West African country or countries involved in the operation.
“We shut it down, revoked these foreign nationals’ visas, and are coordinating with local authorities to systematically identify and cut off any similar operations,” the department stated.
The crackdown extended beyond Africa. A U.S. embassy in Europe identified more than 400 suspected birth tourism cases since 2024, according to the State Department. Investigators traced these cases to at least six companies that operated sophisticated coaching schemes. These firms allegedly coached applicants on exactly what to say during their visa interviews, arranged housing accommodations in the United States, and set up delivery plans and medical arrangements.
“We shut it down, revoked their visas, and permanently banned several fraudsters from traveling to the United States ever again,” the State Department said.
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In North Africa, a U.S. embassy revoked over 100 visas issued to “birth tourist” parents who traveled to the United States primarily to give birth so their children could acquire American citizenship. The State Department noted that consular officers, working alongside law enforcement agencies and employing advanced data analytics and information cross-referencing, were able to identify multiple networks abusing the system and put a stop to their operations.
The State Department reiterated its firm stance on the issue, emphasizing that visitor visas cannot be issued to foreign nationals whose primary purpose is to obtain U.S. citizenship for a child through birth on American soil. “Under President Trump, the State Department is defending the integrity of U.S. citizenship by ending illegal birth tourism schemes. No foreigner is permitted to obtain a visitor visa for the primary purpose of acquiring U.S. citizenship for a child by giving birth in the U.S.,” the department stated.
The announcement comes amid increased federal government scrutiny of visa applications linked to potential birth tourism schemes. The State Department noted that consular authorities can deny or revoke visas if they determine there was fraud, misrepresentation of information, or misuse of the process.
The crackdown comes amid heightened scrutiny of birth tourism, a practice that has drawn strong opposition from the Trump administration. The U.S. Constitution currently guarantees birthright citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof” under the 14th Amendment. However, President Trump has long argued that foreign nationals exploit this provision by traveling to the U.S. to give birth, thereby driving up migration numbers. Just hours after taking office in January, Trump issued an executive order ending the birthright citizenship privilege.
The executive order decrees that children born to parents in the United States illegally or on temporary visas would not automatically become citizens—a radical reinterpretation of the 14th Amendment. The Trump administration has argued that the 14th Amendment, passed in the wake of the Civil War, addresses the rights of former slaves and not the children of undocumented migrants or temporary U.S. visitors.
The legality of the president’s executive order remains uncertain, as it is currently blocked by court injunctions. Lower courts have blocked the move as unconstitutional, ruling that under the Citizenship Clause of the 14th Amendment, nearly everyone born on U.S. soil is an American citizen. The matter has reached the Supreme Court, which heard arguments in April. However, the Supreme Court avoided ruling on the constitutionality of Trump’s executive order and only addressed the issue of nationwide injunctions. The court permitted the order to go ahead but delayed its ruling from taking effect to allow for new court challenges.
President Trump has maintained an unprecedented campaign to pressure the Supreme Court, saying it would be a “disgrace” if the independent justices rule against him on U.S. birthright citizenship. On April 1, Trump added to his pressure on the court by attending a hearing on the birthright case in person, the first sitting president to join the audience in history.
The State Department has consistently warned foreign nationals against engaging in birth tourism, promising strict penalties for violators. In July 2025, the U.S. embassy in Nigeria cautioned Nigerians against traveling to the country with the primary intention of giving birth and claiming U.S. citizenship for their children. The embassy made clear that such travel applications would be denied if consular officers had reason to believe that birthright citizenship was the main motivation for the trip.
In January 2020, the U.S. government changed visitor visa regulations, allowing consular officers to deny applications where they believe the primary purpose of travel is to give birth in the United States to secure citizenship for a child. That regulation remains in force and has become a key tool in U.S. efforts to tackle birth tourism.
The State Department emphasized that a U.S. visa is “a privilege, not a right” and that the department is taking action around the world to stop abuse of the system. “The State Department is taking action around the world to stop this abuse, dismantle birth tourism networks, and hold accountable those who try to scam our system,” the department stated.
The crackdown represents a significant escalation in the Trump administration’s efforts to tighten immigration controls and combat visa fraud on a global scale. The State Department did not publicly identify the specific countries where the alleged networks operated beyond regional designations. So far, no information has been released regarding whether any arrests have been made in connection with the uncovered networks or the specific nationalities of those affected.
US Uncovers Birth Tourism Fraud Networks in Africa, Revokes Over 600 Visas Globally
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International
Ceasefire Near Collapse as US Launches Second Night of Strikes on Iran
Ceasefire Near Collapse as US Launches Second Night of Strikes on Iran
The United States has launched fresh military strikes against Iran for the second consecutive night, following a direct order from President Donald Trump. The operation marks a sharp escalation in the ongoing conflict and signals the near-total collapse of the two-month-old ceasefire between Washington and Tehran.
According to a statement from U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM) , the latest strikes began at 5:15 p.m. ET on Wednesday and targeted multiple locations inside Iran. The military action concluded less than two hours later.
“U.S. Central Command forces began launching additional self-defense strikes today at 5:15 p.m. ET against multiple targets in Iran at the Commander in Chief’s direction,” CENTCOM said in a public statement. “The strikes are in response to Iran’s unwarranted and continued aggression.”
The second wave of US strikes focused on disabling Iranian military infrastructure, including military surveillance facilities, communication systems, air defense sites, radar installations, ground control stations, and drone command-and-control units. Precision munitions, including 49 Tomahawk missiles, were fired by US Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps assets.
Iranian state media reported explosions in multiple southern cities, including Bandar Abbas, Sirik, Minab, Kangan, and Tehran. Residents in the capital heard air defense sirens, while two water reservoirs in Sirik were reportedly struck, leaving an estimated 20,000 residents without clean drinking water amid scorching summer temperatures.
Hours before the strikes began, U.S. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth visited CENTCOM headquarters in Tampa, Florida, and delivered a stark warning. “Central Command will be busy tonight because President Trump said we will be hitting Iran hard, and we will be,” Hegseth told reporters.
He added, in remarks that quickly went viral: “As President Trump said, they’ve been tap, tap, tapping. Instead, they’re going to have tap, tap, tap bombs dropping on key facilities in Iran from the United States of America.” Hegseth made clear that the Pentagon is prepared to escalate further unless Iran agrees to a US-backed nuclear and security deal. “If we need to negotiate with bombs, we’ll negotiate with bombs,” he said.
Iran has not remained passive. Following the second night of US strikes, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) launched its own retaliatory attacks against US assets in the region. Key Iranian counterstrikes include 12 ballistic missiles fired at the Muwaffaq Salti Airbase in Jordan, drone and missile attacks on US bases in Bahrain and Kuwait, and a claimed interception of a US F-16 fighter jet over the Persian Gulf, though this remains unconfirmed.
Bahrain’s interior ministry confirmed that air raid sirens sounded in Manama and Hamad Town, with falling shrapnel damaging homes and vehicles. An 11-year-old girl sustained minor injuries. Jordan’s armed forces reported shooting down five Iranian missiles, with no casualties. Kuwait’s army said its air defenses were actively engaging hostile aerial targets.
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In the most serious escalation yet, Iran’s Khatam al-Anbiya Central Headquarters declared the Strait of Hormuz “fully closed” effective immediately. Iranian military officials warned that “any movement will be targeted,” including oil tankers and commercial vessels. The strait is a critical chokepoint through which approximately 20% of the world’s crude oil passes. However, CENTCOM disputed Iran’s claim, stating that “commercial ships are continuing to transit in and out of the Strait of Hormuz tonight.”
President Trump, speaking to Fox News following the strikes, doubled down on his强硬 stance. “We hit them hard yesterday, and we’re going to hit them hard again today,” Trump said. “The Iranians asked me to stop the bombings. We will stop soon — but we’ll turn them to dust if they don’t agree with us tomorrow.” Trump accused Iranian negotiators of “playing us for suckers” and dragging out peace talks. He reiterated that any final deal must prevent Iran from ever acquiring a nuclear weapon — a goal Iran denies pursuing.
Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian, speaking just before the latest US strikes, vowed that Tehran would not bend. “Vital infrastructure is the lifeline of the people. Threatening to target them — from transportation networks to electricity and water industries — is not a display of power but a sign of desperation,” Pezeshkian wrote on X. He added: “Iran will stand firm against any pressure or threat.”
The April ceasefire — which had temporarily halted a conflict that began in late February — is now effectively dead. UN Secretary General António Guterres warned that the Middle East is “being pulled deeper into crisis,” adding that “the ceasefire is more like a lesser-fire.”
Global markets are feeling the pressure. Oil prices rose nearly $3 to $94 per barrel following Trump’s escalation threats. The Strait of Hormuz disruptions threaten to choke one-fifth of the world’s oil and natural gas supply.
Despite the military escalation, diplomatic efforts continue. A Qatari delegation arrived in Tehran on Wednesday, and the White House reportedly sent a direct message through Qatari mediators, emphasizing that the strikes were retaliatory and not intended to start a full-scale war. Whether that message will be heard amid the sound of explosions remains uncertain.
Ceasefire Near Collapse as US Launches Second Night of Strikes on Iran
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International
Iran Shuts Strait of Hormuz, Threatens to Target All Ships After New US Strikes
Iran Shuts Strait of Hormuz, Threatens to Target All Ships After New US Strikes
Iran has announced the complete closure of the Strait of Hormuz, one of the world’s most important maritime oil routes, following a fresh wave of US airstrikes on Iran, escalating tensions between Tehran and Washington and raising fears of a wider regional conflict.
The announcement was made on Thursday by Iran’s Khatam al-Anbiya Central Headquarters, which warned that any vessel attempting to pass through the strategic waterway would be considered a legitimate target.
According to statements carried by Iranian state media and the Tasnim News Agency, Iranian military authorities declared that the Strait of Hormuz had been “completely closed to all types of vessels,” including commercial ships and oil tankers.
“Any vessel traffic through the Strait of Hormuz will be targeted,” the command said, accusing the United States of continuing military aggression against Iran.
Iranian naval officials, quoted by state television IRIB and the Mehr News Agency, also claimed that two vessels attempting to transit the waterway were struck after allegedly violating the closure order.
The development came shortly after the United States launched another round of military operations against Iranian targets, marking the second consecutive night of strikes ordered by US President Donald Trump.
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In a statement, the US Central Command (CENTCOM) confirmed that American forces had carried out additional military action against multiple targets inside Iran.
“US Central Command forces began launching additional self-defense strikes today at 5:15 p.m. ET against multiple targets in Iran at the Commander in Chief’s direction,” CENTCOM said.
“The strikes are in response to Iran’s unwarranted and continued aggression.”
US officials said the operation targeted military facilities, surveillance systems, communications infrastructure and air defence assets believed to pose threats to American forces and international shipping in the region.
Earlier, US Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth signaled that further military action could follow if Iran failed to agree to terms being pursued by the Trump administration.
The Strait of Hormuz is widely regarded as one of the world’s most critical energy chokepoints, serving as a passage for a significant portion of global crude oil and liquefied natural gas exports.
The closure announcement immediately sent shockwaves through global financial and energy markets, with oil prices surging amid concerns that a prolonged disruption could impact international energy supplies and shipping routes.
However, conflicting accounts have emerged regarding the actual status of maritime traffic through the waterway. While Iranian authorities insist the route is fully closed and under military enforcement, US officials have challenged the claim, maintaining that shipping activity remains possible.
The latest escalation has heightened fears of a broader confrontation in the Middle East, with governments, energy traders and shipping companies closely monitoring developments in the Iran-US conflict and the future of the Strait of Hormuz.
The waterway connects the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea and is considered vital to global trade, making any disruption a matter of international concern.
Iran Shuts Strait of Hormuz, Threatens to Target All Ships After New US Strikes
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