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FG announces plans to borrow N13.8tn for 2025 budget
FG announces plans to borrow N13.8tn for 2025 budget
ABUJA—THE Federal Executive Council (FEC) yesterday approved a budget proposal of N47.9 trillion for the 2025 fiscal year and borrowing of N13.8 trillion.
The Minister of Budget and Economic Planning, Atiku Bagudu, disclosed this while briefing State House correspondents, at the end of the Council meeting, presided over by President Bola Tinubu at the Presidential Villa, Abuja.
The approval is part of the Medium Term Expenditure Framework, MTEF, and Fiscal Strategy Paper, for 2025-2027, by the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2007.
The framework is expected to be submitted to the National Assembly as required by law, either on Friday or Monday.
Bagudu outlined several key parameters that will guide the 2025 budget based on economic projections and government priorities. These include a projected Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate of 4.6% for 2025, an oil price benchmark of $75 per barrel and an exchange rate of N1.400 to $1.
Additionally, the government anticipates oil production at 2.06 million barrels per day.
In terms of fiscal strategy, the budget assumes that the government will borrow approximately N13.8 trillion — about 3.87% of the GDP — to fund key infrastructure projects and economic initiatives.
Bagudu emphasized that this borrowing is part of a strategic plan to balance government spending with sustainable debt management.
The Minister further noted that “the Nigerian economy is showing signs of resilience, with a 3.19% growth rate recorded in the second quarter of 2024.
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This growth is expected to continue through 2025, driven by efforts to tackle inflation and stabilize key economic sectors.”
Bagudu lists the aims of fiscal policies
He stressed that the Federal Government’s fiscal policies are aimed at strengthening economic resilience, continuing to address inflationary pressures, and providing more targeted support to drive long-term growth.
Bagudu also highlighted that the implementation of the 2024 budget was progressing well, with significant improvements in revenue collection and expenditure management, despite some delays in achieving pro-rated targets.
“Non-oil revenue streams, in particular, have performed better than initially expected, showing promising progress.
The N47.9 trillion proposed budget for 2025 includes various provisions, particularly in areas such as infrastructure development, social programs, and critical national projects.
Bagudu also revealed that for the first time, the government’s budget will include contributions to the development commissions that had recently been passed or were in the process of being passed by the National Assembly.
“These measures are designed to strengthen the country’s social and economic development at the grassroots level.”
He further noted that the federal government is committed to ensuring that the 2025 budget is passed and signed into law before December 2024, in order to create a predictable fiscal environment and adhere to the January-December budget circle that the administration aims to implement moving forward.
In addition to approving the 2025 budget, the FEC also endorsed the 2025-2027 Medium Term Expenditure Framework, MTEF, and Fiscal Strategy Papers, FSP, which outline the government’s long-term fiscal policies and strategies for achieving sustainable growth.
These documents will now be sent to the National Assembly for further review.
Bagudu emphasized that the MTEF and FSP provided the necessary roadmap for the government’s fiscal policy over the next three years, ensuring that public finances remained on a sound footing and that economic growth targets were met.
He expressed confidence that Nigeria’s economic trajectory was moving in the right direction, with positive growth recorded in key sectors.
He stressed that the government’s macroeconomic policies, particularly in the areas of market-driven pricing for petroleum products and foreign exchange, are contributing to the country’s overall economic stability.
“The fiscal efforts are on track, and we are confident that with these strategic investments and reforms, Nigeria will continue to make progress toward a more resilient and sustainable economy,” he declared.
Experts fault govt’s budget assumptions
Economy experts who spoke to Vanguard, however, faulted the budget assumptions, describing some of them as too aggressive.
In his comment, David Adonri, Analyst and Executive Vice Chairman at Highcap Securities Limited said : “One thing that bothers me is the failure of FGN to attach a report of the performance of the previous budget while seeking for approval of the new budget.
“Historical antecedents will let us know whether the assumptions underlying the new budget are reasonable.
“How will FGN finance the budget? Is it still a deficit budget like on previous occasions? There is nothing on ground to indicate that GDP growth rate of 4.6% is attainable in 2025.
“The omission of the forecast for inflation is questionable because the intended GDP growth may just be an inflationary growth which is akin to motion without movement.
“With Donald Trump’s agenda to release more fossil fuel from 2025, the crude oil price forecast may be misleading.
‘Finally, predicating the budget on a crude oil-driven economy shows that budgeting by FGN has not departed from past ruinous economic philosophy.
“It is too pedestrian for a country that should be inward-looking and focused on the mobilization of the idle factors of production in the country.”
On his part, Tunde Abidoye, Head of Equity Research FBNQest Securities Limited, said: “I think that some of the assumptions are a bit aggressive.
“The oil production benchmark of 2.06mbpd looks very ambitious given the current realized oil production level of around 1.3mbpd (ex-condensates), per NUPRC data.
“The exchange rate and GDP growth rate projections are also a bit optimistic given the current exchange rate is N1,650, and the strain on household wallets.
“However, although I think the oil price benchmark is realistic, there are potential downside risks arising from the anticipated ramp up of oil production by the US following President Trump’s victory at the polls.”
Also commenting, Clifford Egbomeade, Public Affairs Analyst/ Communications Expert, said: “The proposed 2025 budget of N47.9 trillion, based on a $75 oil benchmark, 2.06 mbd production, and 4.6% GDP growth, sets ambitious targets given Nigeria’s economic climate.
“The oil production target assumes steady output levels, which may be impacted by infrastructure limitations. Moreso, the projected 4.6% GDP growth may be optimistic, as Nigeria continues to face high inflation, currency pressures, and unemployment.
“The budget includes N9.22 trillion in new borrowing, raising concerns about fiscal sustainability given the nation’s current debt servicing load. “The assumed exchange rate of N1,400 per dollar suggests continued devaluation, which could intensify inflationary pressures. Achieving this budget will require effective fiscal reforms and greater economic diversification to meet revenue and growth targets.”
Dissecting the proposed budget, Port Harcourt-based energy analyst, Dr. Bala Zakka, said: “Oil market is very volatile and absolute caution should be taken in the process of taking the benchmark price for the 2025 budget.”
On output, he said: “The federal government said it is currently producing 1.8 million barrels per day, including condensate. Like in the case of price, adequate caution should also be taken here. I strongly believe that stakeholders, including the government and investors should work harder to further increase the nation’s capacity to produce oil and gas.”
“The Gross Domestic Product, GDP, is all about the production of goods and services in an economy. With constant power supply disruptions, it has not been possible for households and businesses to participate in the economy. It is very doubtful if they will be able to increase investment to produce goods and services in 2025.”
FG announces plans to borrow N13.8tn for 2025 budget
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News
EFCC Recovers N140m for B4 Sail as Alleged Loan Debt Hits N2.25bn
EFCC Recovers N140m for B4 Sail as Alleged Loan Debt Hits N2.25bn
The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has returned N140 million recovered during an investigation into an alleged loan fraud to B4 Sail Limited, an investment and money-lending company in Lagos.
The funds were handed over in bank drafts on Thursday, September 17, at the EFCC’s Lagos Zonal Directorate 2 office in Ikoyi.
The Acting Zonal Director, Bawa Usman Kaltungo, presented the recovered money to representatives of B4 Sail.
How the Investigation Began
The recovery followed a petition filed by B4 Sail on April 20, 2026, concerning Jacob Oyebola Esan and companies linked to him.
According to the petition, Esan approached the company in August 2025 on behalf of Geo Fields Plc to secure a N500 million loan to support the business.
The facility reportedly carried a monthly interest rate of 15 per cent and was expected to be repaid within one month.
The EFCC said its investigation later established that Esan had obtained other loan facilities from B4 Sail, taking his total exposure to N1.065 billion.
As security for the loans, shares belonging to Esan were pledged through Calyx Securities Limited, which acted as the clearing house for the stocks. The arrangement reportedly gave B4 Sail a lien over the shares and first claim to proceeds from their sale.
However, the commission said the shares were eventually sold without B4 Sail’s knowledge.
This allegedly contributed to Esan’s failure to repay the facilities. With accrued interest, the outstanding amount subsequently rose to N2.2505 billion.
The EFCC said the N140 million recovery was being returned to the company as part of its responsibility to ensure recovered funds reach legitimate owners and victims after due process.
EFCC Recovers N140m for B4 Sail as Alleged Loan Debt Hits N2.25bn
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News
Soludo Pardons Native Doctor Akwa Okuko After 2-Year Jail Sentence
Soludo Pardons Native Doctor Akwa Okuko After 2-Year Jail Sentence
Controversial Anambra native doctor Chidozie Nwangwu, widely known as Akwa Okuko Tiwara Aki, has received a pardon from Governor Chukwuma Soludo.
The governor made the announcement on Friday while visiting the Correctional Centre in Amawbia as part of an inspection of custodial facilities in the state.
Nwangwu’s release comes after the High Court in Awka sentenced him to two years in prison following his arrest by the state government.
Although the court imposed a two-year sentence, the time Nwangwu had already spent in custody was taken into account. Consequently, he was left with 11 months to complete his term.
Conditions Attached to the Court Sentence
The court had also ordered the demolition of Nwangwu’s shrine as part of the measures arising from the case.
In addition, it directed that once he completed his sentence, the native doctor should contribute to youth reorientation programmes. He was also expected to renounce Oke-ite and related charm practices and publicly speak against them.
Authorities had accused Nwangwu of involvement in fetish-related activities, including alleged preparation of charms reportedly intended for young people pursuing financial gains.
His arrest came amid the Anambra State Government’s campaign against practices it linked to criminality and fraudulent activities.
During Friday’s visit, Soludo said his pardon initiative was not solely about Nwangwu. He stressed that attention must also be given to the welfare and wellbeing of people held in correctional facilities.
The governor subsequently inspected the custodial facility at Waterside, Onitsha, as part of the exercise.
Soludo Pardons Native Doctor Akwa Okuko After 2-Year Jail Sentence
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News
Atiku to Tinubu: Cut Fuel Prices, Let Nigerians Breathe
Atiku to Tinubu: Cut Fuel Prices, Let Nigerians Breathe
Former Vice-President and African Democratic Congress (ADC) presidential candidate Atiku Abubakar has urged President Bola Ahmed Tinubu to intervene in the petroleum sector and reduce petrol and diesel prices, saying rising energy costs are putting additional pressure on Nigerian households, workers, farmers and businesses.
Atiku made the call on Friday, September 18, 2026, during a press conference in Abuja, where he also criticised the Federal Government’s reliance on palliatives and raised concerns over plans to phase out electricity subsidies.
He asked President Tinubu to use the remaining months of the administration to implement measures capable of easing the cost-of-living crisis, arguing that Nigerians need policies that reduce the underlying cost of goods and services rather than temporary relief after prices have already risen.
According to Atiku, the impact of higher petrol prices has extended far beyond filling stations, affecting transportation, food distribution, farming, manufacturing, logistics and household budgets.
He argued that when petrol becomes more expensive, transport operators face higher costs, farmers spend more moving produce, traders pay more to move and stock goods, workers spend more commuting and businesses incur higher logistics and energy expenses.
Atiku said the resulting pressure ultimately reaches consumers through higher prices for food and other essential goods.
He also questioned the effectiveness of government palliatives, including food distribution and cash-transfer programmes, arguing that such interventions may provide temporary assistance but cannot replace policies that restore the purchasing power of Nigerians.
The ADC candidate said government should concentrate on lowering production and energy costs so that households and businesses can retain more of their income.
His comments came amid another round of increases in the domestic petrol price.
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The Dangote Petroleum Refinery increased its petrol gantry price from ₦1,265 to ₦1,350 per litre effective September 12, 2026. The increase represented an ₦85, or 6.7 per cent, rise and was the fourth upward adjustment in the refinery’s petrol price since August 21.
The successive adjustments have also been reflected at some filling stations, with petrol selling for as much as ₦1,395 per litre at some locations in Lagos, although prices have varied between stations and marketers.
Atiku said the government should not hesitate to adopt measures capable of lowering petrol prices simply because similar proposals originated from the opposition.
He said his concern was the effect of high energy costs on Nigerians and argued that the administration should act in the public interest.
A major part of Atiku’s argument is his proposal for a production subsidy for locally refined petroleum products.
The former vice-president has said his proposal is different from the former system of subsidising imported petrol. Under his plan, government support would be targeted at the crude feedstock supplied to qualifying refineries operating in Nigeria.
Atiku said the proposed mechanism would lower the cost of crude supplied to domestic refineries, with the reduction expected to translate into lower production costs and ultimately lower petrol prices for consumers.
He has proposed that the intervention should be transparent, capped and independently verified, with only crude refined in Nigeria qualifying for the support. Imported petroleum products, according to his proposal, would not benefit from the scheme.
Atiku has also said any such intervention should have a defined financial limit, be subject to National Assembly approval and undergo independent auditing.
He maintains that the policy would encourage domestic refining, protect investments in Nigeria’s refining industry and reduce the country’s dependence on imported petroleum products.
The proposal has generated debate because the Tinubu administration ended the long-standing petrol subsidy in May 2023, with the government arguing that the policy had become financially unsustainable and placed a heavy burden on public finances.
The subsequent removal of the subsidy resulted in a sharp increase in petrol prices and contributed to higher transportation and living costs, making fuel pricing one of the major economic issues in Nigeria.
The latest debate is taking place as Nigeria’s domestic refining capacity expands, particularly through the Dangote refinery.
The refinery has become a major supplier to the Nigerian market, but its prices continue to be influenced by factors including crude oil costs, exchange rates, refining expenses, logistics and international market conditions.
Atiku’s position is that government can intervene on the production side by lowering the cost of crude supplied to domestic refineries rather than returning to a system that subsidises imported petrol.
The former vice-president has also urged the government to reduce diesel prices, which remain important to manufacturers, transport operators, small businesses and other enterprises that depend on diesel-powered generators and equipment.
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He argued that lower energy costs would help reduce the cost of doing business and could eventually moderate prices paid by consumers.
Atiku also turned his attention to the electricity sector, where the Federal Government has announced plans to phase out electricity subsidies in 2027.
The government has said the reform is aimed at improving the financial sustainability of the power sector. The planned changes have nevertheless generated concerns over their possible impact on households and businesses already struggling with high operating costs.
Atiku warned that higher electricity costs could add to the burden already being carried by Nigerians.
He pointed to small enterprises such as barbers, tailors, welders and frozen-food sellers, as well as manufacturers that rely on a combination of public electricity, diesel and other alternative power sources.
He argued that government should avoid imposing additional energy costs before adequate measures are put in place to protect consumers.
The debate over fuel subsidy and electricity subsidy has therefore become part of a broader disagreement over the direction and social impact of Nigeria’s economic reforms.
Atiku has argued that the savings and additional revenues generated by subsidy reforms should translate into tangible improvements in Nigerians’ living standards.
The Federal Government, meanwhile, has maintained that the petrol subsidy removal was necessary to reduce the fiscal burden of the old system and allow resources to be redirected towards development and other government priorities.
The issue has gained renewed prominence as petrol prices rise again.
Organised labour and opposition groups have also increased pressure on the Federal Government for measures to cushion households from the impact of higher petrol prices, while calls have continued for greater support for domestic refiners.
The latest petrol price increases have revived questions about why pump prices remain high despite the availability of locally refined fuel and Nigeria’s status as a major crude oil producer.
Market participants have pointed to the cost of crude, global oil-market volatility, exchange-rate movements, distribution expenses and other factors affecting the final pump price.
Aliko Dangote has also raised concerns about differences between Nigerian petrol prices and prices in neighbouring countries, which can create incentives for cross-border fuel smuggling.
For Atiku, however, the immediate priority is to reduce the pressure on consumers.
He has urged President Tinubu to consider his proposed local refining production subsidy, lower petrol and diesel costs, address electricity affordability and adopt broader economic policies aimed at restoring Nigerians’ purchasing power.
The intervention also comes against the backdrop of the 2027 presidential election, in which Atiku is the ADC presidential candidate.
His criticism of the Tinubu administration’s economic policies is therefore part of the wider political debate over the consequences of subsidy removal, the cost of living, domestic refining and the management of Nigeria’s energy sector.
The central policy disagreement is whether government intervention should return in some form to reduce consumer prices or whether Nigeria should continue moving towards a market-driven energy pricing system while using targeted measures to protect vulnerable households.
As petrol prices remain elevated and electricity reforms continue, the debate is likely to remain a major issue for Nigerian households, businesses and policymakers.
Atiku to Tinubu: Cut Fuel Prices, Let Nigerians Breathe
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