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Controversy over timeframe as Presidential Tribunal commences pre-hearing session

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Peter Obi, Bola Tinubu and Atiku Abubakar

Controversy over timeframe as Presidential Tribunal commences pre-hearing session

The Presidential Election Petition Tribunal (PEPT) will today commence pre-hearing session in the five petitions challenging the declaration of Bola Tinubu of the All Progressives Congress (APC), as the President- elect.

The Chairman of the Independent National Electoral Commission, Mahmood Yakubu, had on March 1 declared Tinubu the president-elect on the grounds that his party scored the majority of votes cast in the polls.

Dissatisfied with the result, five political parties and their presidential candidates filed separate petitions seeking orders to annul the election and declared them as winners or alternatively an order directing the INEC to conduct a fresh election.

The petitioners are the opposition Peoples Democratic Party(PDP) and Atiku Abubakar, marked CA/PEPC/05/2023; the Labour Party (LP) and Peter Obi, marked: CA/PEPC/04/2023; the Action Alliance (AA) and its presidential candidate, Solomon Okangbuan; with No: CA/PEPC/01/2023; Allied Peoples Movement (APM) and its candidate, Chichi Ojei, with suit number: CA/PEPC/03/2023; and the Action Peoples Party (APP) in a petition with No CA/PEPC/02/2023.

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The tribunal has fixed the pre-hearing session after it has stopped receiving replies to the various petitions on April 23.

Technically, today’s proceedings are specifically to sort preliminary applications before proceeding with the substantive petitions.

Regardless of the date fixed for the hearing of the petitions, there are calls by some legal experts, political analysts, Civil Society Organizations, religious leaders and other stakeholders for the amendment of the electoral process in a manner that every election petition case would be dispensed with before swearing in the declared winner.

In Nigeria, election petitions are governed by specific electoral law making them unique in nature. Section 288 of the constitution and the Electoral Act 2022 regulate elections, while petitions are also governed by the 1999 Constitution and the Electoral Act.

The call is necessitated by the fact that some provisions of the 1999 constitution and the Electoral Act erect legal roadblocks and difficult for petitioners challenging the conduct and outcome of elections to sail through to victory at the tribunals.

One of such notorious provisions is section 285 (6) which provides that “An election tribunal shall deliver judgment in writing within 180 days from the date of filing of the petition.”

Those advocating for the amendment of the electoral process are of the view that the Section 285 (6) is inimical to achieving fair hearing enshrined in the same Constitution. To them, setting 21-day time frame within which to file a petition challenging the conduct of elections in Nigeria is ridiculous.

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They noted that challenging the conduct or outcome of a presidential election implies challenging the election conducted in 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). According to the legal experts, law that gives the petitioner 21 days to gather his materials and articulate his grievances in a form that can be presented before the tribunal within 21 days is not progressive, considering the fact that the same 21-day deadline was also given to opposition candidates to file their petitions for other categories of election held in smaller geographical areas like state, district and constituency.

It is therefore their opinion that these requirements of the laws do not provide a fair and level playing grounds for the parties involved in election petitions as swearing in those declared winners pending the determination of the tribunal cases has often given the defendants undue advantage to use the state resources to fight their opponents at the tribunal.

Since the return of the fourth republic, presidential election results have always been rejected and contested at the tribunal with exception to the 2015 presidential election won by President Muhammadu Buhari.

In 1999, the election of former President Olusegun Obasanjo was challenged at the tribunal by Chief Olu Falae. In 2003, Obasanjo’s re-election was challenged by Muhammadu Buhari.

In 2007, both Muhammadu Buhari and Atiku Abubakar challenged the victory of late President Umaru Musa Yar’Adua who won a highly controversial election. Buhari returned to the tribunal in 2011 when he challenged the election of President Goodluck Jonathan.

There was no challenge of Buhari’s victory in 2015 as the then incumbent President, Jonathan conceded defeat and congratulated the winner. However, in 2019, Atiku Abubakar challenged the re-election of President Muhammadu Buhari.

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It is interesting to know that historically,  no presidential election tribunal has upturned the election of the declared winner. The closest was in 2007 when the Supreme Court in a split decision of 4- 3 upheld the election of late President Umaru Musa Yar’ Adua.

The point to be considered is that, in all of the above situations, the presidential candidates so declared as winners by the electoral body, all took their oath of office on May 29,  while petitions against them were still pending at the tribunals.

Those advocating for the conclusion of election petitions before swearing in the declared winner are of the view that the fact that the constitution prescribed a time frame of about 180 days, doesn’t mean that it must run its course since the policy has been overheated.

However, in as much as it is true that justice delayed is justice denied, it is no less axiomatic that justice rushed is justice crushed.

Until and unless a major constitutional adjustment is carried out, to the effect that nobody must be sworn in as anything whether president or governor or lawmakers until the petition has been exhausted, the laws regulating the hearing and determination of election petitions remains sacrosanct.

Dayo Akinlaja (SAN) said it is not feasible to achieve because there are inbuilt procedures to ensure fair hearing and parties are given timelines for filing processes.

He explained that a party cannot be stampeded to file processes before the expiry of the timelines allowed under the law and each party may decide to hurry or speed up the process.

All parties are entitled to fair hearing and there is no way fair hearing would not be sacrificed where the procedure of adjudication is inordinately rushed.

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To that extent, the agitation for the completion of election cases before May 29, 2023, cannot be effectuated within the prism or framework of the constitution and the Electoral Act, 2022, which provides for a decision or judgment to be delivered within 180 days of the filing of the petition against the return of a candidate in an election.

There are also the appeals arising therefrom to be completed within 60 days from the date of filing. To be achievable, both the Constitution and the Electoral Act will have to be amended to make such a provision.

In addition to the above, although the timeframe had been spelt out, parties still find ways to raise technical issues like failure to serve parties directly, failure to file within a certain time, failure to tender certain vital documents, objections and arguments over the admissibility of documents, lengthy cross-examination of witnesses etc.

Unfortunately, these are allowed by the (tribunal) courts which have stalled the process thus defeating the purpose of the legislative solutions or gains made.

Furthermore, all decisions must be within the law with judicial activism to restore confidence in the Nigerian election systems and to ensure no party is robbed as justice must not only be done but must be seen to be done.

In the future, it is possible to amend our laws and rules of court to accommodate such an idea, but it is clearly impossible under the nation’s present circumstances.

It is more arduous to prove an election petition than to defend it. That is why the petitioners need more time to prove their cases and not necessarily the defendants.

That is why the Petitioners are given 21 days to file and the defendants have 14 days to respond. And the Petitioners have a further 7 days to reply, making a total of 30 days as against the 14 days of the Respondents. It follows that in leading evidence in court/Tribunal in support of the petitions, the petitioners would also take more time.

Quote: “the agitation for the completion of election cases before May 29, 2023, cannot be effectuated within the prism or framework of the constitution and the Electoral Act, 2022, which provides for a decision or judgment to be delivered within 180 days of the filing of the petition against the return of a candidate in an election”

Controversy over timeframe as Presidential Tribunal commences pre-hearing session

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Senate Passes ₦68.32trn 2026 Budget, Increases Tinubu’s Proposal

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President Bola Ahmed Tinubu present budget

Senate Passes ₦68.32trn 2026 Budget, Increases Tinubu’s Proposal

The Senate on Tuesday passed Nigeria’s ₦68.32 trillion 2026 Appropriation Bill, marking a sharp increase from the ₦58.47 trillion initially presented by Bola Ahmed Tinubu in December 2025.

The upper chamber approved the revised figure following a formal request by the President, who sought an upward review of the budget to reflect additional fiscal realities, legacy obligations, and priority national projects.

The spending plan, themed “Budget of Consolidation, Renewed Resilience and Shared Prosperity,” is aimed at sustaining macroeconomic reforms, boosting economic growth, job creation, and poverty reduction, while strengthening social protection for vulnerable Nigerians.

The approved total of ₦68,323,309,818,667 includes ₦4.8 trillion for statutory transfers, ₦15.81 trillion for debt servicing, ₦15.43 trillion for recurrent expenditure, and ₦32.29 trillion for capital expenditure, with the capital component taking the largest share to drive infrastructure and development.

A major driver of the increase is the inclusion of about ₦7.71 trillion to settle outstanding capital projects rolled over from the 2025 fiscal year, alongside an additional ₦2 trillion earmarked for new priority interventions across sectors. Lawmakers noted that a significant number of 2025 projects could not be completed due to revenue constraints, necessitating their rollover.

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The Senate also approved key strategic interventions, including ₦478.6 billion as equity contribution for presidential legacy rail projects in Lagos, Kano, Kaduna, and Ogun states, as well as feasibility studies for urban rail systems in Enugu and Maiduguri. It further cleared ₦8.96 billion for feasibility studies covering the Calabar–Maiduguri corridor and the Maiduguri–Sokoto superhighway, underscoring a renewed focus on nationwide connectivity.

In the health sector, the budget provides ₦482.76 billion for critical interventions tied to Nigeria’s bilateral and multilateral commitments, while the judiciary received significant allocations. These include ₦98.5 billion for the Court of Appeal, ₦36.7 billion for the Supreme Court, and ₦268.54 billion to strengthen judicial capacity, particularly ahead of the 2027 general elections.

On the revenue side, the fiscal framework is supported by an upward adjustment of the oil benchmark, projected to generate an additional ₦2.59 trillion, alongside increased non-oil revenue expectations. Lawmakers highlighted improved performance in the telecommunications sector, projecting about ₦724 billion in company income tax from MTN Nigeria and ₦150 billion from Airtel Nigeria.

To finance the deficit, the government proposed additional borrowings of about ₦6.16 trillion, reflecting ongoing reliance on debt to support budget expansion amid revenue limitations.

The bill underwent extensive legislative scrutiny, including committee reviews, engagements with the President’s economic team, and a public hearing involving Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs), civil society organisations, and other stakeholders.

The Senate Committee on Appropriations explained that the adjustments were necessary to “regularise outstanding legacy capital commitments” and prevent the 2026 budget from being weighed down by unresolved obligations. It also noted that nearly 70 per cent of capital projects were rolled over due to revenue shortfalls in 2025.

Lawmakers expressed concerns over delays in fund releases during the previous fiscal year and warned against bureaucratic bottlenecks that could hinder implementation. They called for stronger coordination between the executive and legislature, alongside strict oversight to ensure that budgetary allocations translate into tangible development outcomes.

In a related resolution, the Senate approved the extension of the 2025 Appropriation Act implementation period to June 30, 2026, to allow completion of ongoing projects.

Speaking after the passage, Senate President Godswill Akpabio said the revised budget would ensure adequate funding for critical sectors and accelerate national development. He added that the harmonised work between both chambers eliminated the need for a conference committee and expressed optimism that increased revenue—particularly from ongoing tax reforms—would support effective implementation.

The passage of the 2026 budget signals the Federal Government’s continued push to balance economic reforms, infrastructure expansion, and social investment, even as concerns persist over rising debt levels and fiscal sustainability.

Senate Passes ₦68.32trn 2026 Budget, Increases Tinubu’s Proposal

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Senate approves Tinubu’s $6bn loan request

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Senate plenary

Senate approves Tinubu’s $6bn loan request

The Senate on Tuesday approved President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s request to secure external loans totalling $6bn to finance key infrastructure projects and support budget implementation.

The approval followed the consideration of a report presented by the Chairman of the Senate Committee on Local and Foreign Debts, Aliyu Wamakko, shortly after the President’s request was read on the floor by Senate President Godswill Akpabio.

The loan request was transmitted to the upper chamber in two separate letters. In the first, the President sought approval to obtain up to $5bn through a structured financing arrangement with First Abu Dhabi Bank to address funding gaps in the 2026 budget, meet existing financial obligations, and support priority projects.

In the second request, Tinubu asked the Senate to approve a $1bn loan facility backed by UK Export Finance and arranged by Citibank, London, for the rehabilitation of the Lagos Port Complex and Tin Can Island Port.

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According to the President, the port rehabilitation projects are expected to enhance operational efficiency, improve safety standards, and strengthen Nigeria’s competitiveness as a regional maritime hub.

Presenting the committee’s report, Wamakko said the proposed loans were in line with existing laws and necessary to fund critical infrastructure and stimulate economic growth.

The Senate subsequently approved the requests after deliberations, signalling legislative backing for the Federal Government’s plan to bridge fiscal deficits through external borrowing.

The approval underscores the government’s continued reliance on foreign loans to support development projects amid mounting fiscal pressures.

Senate approves Tinubu’s $6bn loan request

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Plateau Palm Sunday Massacre: US Lawmaker Warns Nigeria

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United States lawmaker, Riley Moore
United States lawmaker, Riley Moore

Plateau Palm Sunday Massacre: US Lawmaker Warns Nigeria

The United States lawmaker, Riley Moore, has issued a strong warning to Nigerian authorities following a deadly Palm Sunday attack in Jos, Plateau State, describing it as part of a disturbing pattern of attacks on Christians during religious observances. Moore, reacting via his X handle, stated that at least 10 Christians were killed in Jos, adding: “Radical Islamic terrorists opened fire on the Christians before hacking them to pieces with machetes. This is sickening and unacceptable, but it’s not surprising.”

He warned that such incidents are increasingly recurrent. “This tragedy follows a pattern of radical Islamic terrorists massacring Christians on Holy Days. In fact, terrorists have attacked Christians in Nigeria on every single holy day in recent memory,” he said. The lawmaker urged the Nigerian government to take immediate and decisive action, saying, “Abuja knows this pattern and they must massively ramp up security for the Triduum and Easter. If they don’t take this threat seriously and mobilise to defend our brothers and sisters in Christ, blood of these martyrs will be on their hands, and there will be significant consequences for Nigeria’s relationship with the United States.”

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The violence took place on March 29, 2026, in Gari Ya Waye, Angwan Rukuba, Jos North Local Government Area, when suspected gunmen on motorcycles opened fire on residents. Eyewitnesses described chaos and panic, with families fleeing as the assailants moved through crowded streets, targeting civilians, traders, and passersby. State authorities confirmed that 27 people were killed and many others injured in the attack. Following the tragedy, Plateau State Governor Caleb Mutfwang imposed a 48-hour curfew in affected areas and directed security agencies to intensify efforts to apprehend the perpetrators.

The attack prompted widespread outrage, with residents defying the curfew to protest and demand improved security. Civic groups and community leaders condemned the killings, calling for urgent action to protect civilians. The Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN) decried the attacks, demanding accountability and highlighting the repeated targeting of Christian communities during religious holidays.

Moore’s warning underscores the international attention on security challenges in Nigeria’s Middle Belt, where violence from armed groups and communal conflicts remains a persistent threat. Analysts say attacks like the Palm Sunday killings risk eroding confidence in Nigeria’s ability to protect its citizens and could strain diplomatic relations with key allies such as the United States.

Plateau Palm Sunday Massacre: US Lawmaker Warns Nigeria

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